Ama-Liberal Media Bias: Izimangalo
Ngenxa yokuthi ezombangazwe yizemidlalo yegazi, noma kunini lapho abezindaba bebika khona indaba ebonakala ukuthi ayinamanga ngokumelene nodokotela noma umholi kahulumeni, ngokuvamile kunomangalelwa wokuthi intatheli, abaphathi bayo noma abanikazi bezinkampani "bayothola" osombusazwe ongenalutho bezama ukusiza abantu.
Kuvame ukuzwa ukumangalelwa kwemibono yezindaba ezikhululekile, kunokuba kube nokuzikhethela kwezokuxhumana.
Imikhuba engafanele yabezindaba ukuthi abanye bafuna ukudala kungenxa yemihlangano eyimfihlo eyenzekayo, ezinkampanini zabezindaba ezweni lonke, lapho izintatheli zinikwa khona ukuthi zingene kanjani izindaba ukuze kube nenzuzo yezombusazwe ekhululekile. Ngaphambi kokuba indaba ishicilelwe emoyeni, ku-intanethi noma kuphrintiwe, iphikisana ukuze imibono yezombangazwe ekhululekile ikhuthazwe, kuyilapho izinkolelo eziqhubekayo zixoshwa.
Ubufakazi
Izimangalo zemithombo yezindaba ezikhululekile zibuyela emuva emashumini eminyaka. Ukuphathwa kweNixon kusho ukuthi abezindaba baxoshwa ngempi yase-US eVietnam kanti imibiko engapheliyo yayingumzamo wezempi yase-US. U-George HW Bush, owayengumongameli weze-ANC, wabiza izintatheli ukuthi "izidakamizwa zokulila" ngokuchaza ukuqhuma kwakhe umkhankaso we-1980.
Kwabe sekukhona ukhetho lomongameli we-2008. Abezindaba bahlaselwa ngokusiza u-Barack Obama ukuba athole iNdlu eNkulu ngesikhathi ekhombisa ithikithi likaJohn McCain / Sarah Palin ngendlela engafanele.
I-Katie Couric i-interview ukuthi i-skewered Palin iyisibonelo esisodwa abakushoyo ngokusekela iphuzu labo.
I-Counterclaim
Abanyamaphephandaba bezindaba bahlambalaza impi yase-US eVietnam. Izindaba ze-CBS zakha i-Walter Cronkite, enye yezinganekwane ze-TV ezingu-10, ibuyele ehambo eya eVietnam ukuthi impi ayinakunqoba. Kwakungomunye wemicimbi engu-12 eyashintsha ukubika izindaba .
Kodwa uMengameli uLyndon B. Johnson, uMdemokhrasi okhululekile, wayeseseNdlu eNgcwele. Ngakho ukuhlaziywa kweCronkite kwakuyobe kubaluleke kakhulu osombusazwe okhululekile, hhayi owomthetho.
Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa ubufakazi bakhombisa ukuthi i-Cronkite ayingakaze iphumelele ukuchitha amathuba e-US eVietnam. Eqinisweni, imibiko yakhe yangaphambili yayinezinhle.
Ngokuqondene nomkhankaso we-presidential ka-2008, ukunakekelwa kwezezindaba kugxile emncintiswaneni weDemokhrasi ngenxa yemvelo yayo - lowo ophakanyisiwe wayezoba uBarack Obama noma uHillary Clinton. Umlando waba mnandi ngaphezu komncintiswano ohlangothini lweRiphabhulikhi.
Kodwa ngenkathi abanye bathi uMnu. John McCain, ongummeli weRiphabhulikhi, akazange athole ukukhangisa okuhle, sekuyisikhathi eside ebhekwa njengezintandokazi zezindaba zezindaba. Ingxenye yalokho kwakungenxa yebhasi lakhe le "Talk Express" ngesikhathi sekhetho lika-2000. Abathelisi babenesivinini sokufinyelela kuMcCain njengoba bonke behamba emaphandleni phakathi neRepublican primaries yonyaka.
Ngaphansi
Lapho kuxoxwa ngezinsolo zezindaba ezivulekile, kubalulekile ukuchaza abezindaba. Izinkanyezi zaseHollywood, njengoGeorge Clooney okhululekile, azikhohlisi ukuveza imibono yabo yezombangazwe noma ukusebenzela ukukhetha abakhethiweyo. I-Oprah Winfrey ibizwa ngokunikeza u-Obama amandla okudinga ukufica uHillary Clinton ngonyaka ka-2008 weDemocratic Regimes, nakuba ebhekene nokubuyiselwa kwesinye isikhathi kubabukeli abathile ngokuyibuyisela emuva kumuntu omele ukhetho.
Ngeke uClooney noma uWinfrey abanjwe yizindinganiso ezifanayo zokuziphatha ezintatheli zabezindaba zendabuko, abelulekwa kahle ukuthi bangatholi lutho ngokuzikhethela kwezombusazwe. Izimpendulo zemibukiso yezingxoxo, njengoRachel Maddow we-MSNBC, izinhlelo ze-TV ezitshaliwe ezingenakuqalwa njengezindaba eziqondile. Ngenkathi ekhululekile kwezombusazwe, uhlaselwe nguSean Hannity kanye nabanye abaqaphele kwi-Fox News Channel.
Izitolo zezindaba zendabuko ngezinye izikhathi zinikeza izindaba zezindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu ekulawulweni kukaMengameli noma emkhankasweni, njengoba iCronkite yenza izizukulwane ezedlule. Lezo zimbiko kumele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokunemba kanye nokulinganisela, ukugwema ukusola kwezinkampani .
Kulabo abasebenza emaphephandabeni wezindaba, ingxenye yokuba i-watchdog phezu kwezikhulu zikahulumeni ihambisana nokugxeka. Kubukeli, ukuthola izindaba ezivela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, ngisho nasezinkundleni zokubonisa izinkulumo ezibukwayo eziphikisanayo, kuqinisekisa ukuvezwa kuzo zonke izinhlangothi zezombusazwe.