Uhlelo oluphuthumayo lwesiphuthuthu sezindiza luhlanganisa izingxenye eziningana ezihlukene futhi ngokuvamile ludalwe futhi lusetshenziswe ngumphathi wezindiza noma umxhumanisi wokuphendula ngokuphuthumayo.
Nansi incazelo emfushane yokuthi ubani ohilelekile ohlelweni lokuphendula esiphuthumayo sezindiza, futhi ukuthi lusebenza kanjani:
Amaqembu Angabandakanyeka Ku-AEP:
Kukhona njalo amaqembu amaningana ahileleke ekwakheni nasekwenzeni i-AEP. Nasi uhlu lwabantu abambalwa namacembu abasiza ukuxhumanisa i-AEP:
- Umxhumanisi Wezimo Eziphuthumayo Zezindiza
- Umphathi wezindiza
- Ukukhululwa Kwezindiza Nezikhukhula Zomlilo (ARFF)
- Ithimba lokuphepha kwezindiza
- Abathwali bezindiza nezinye izisebenzi zezindiza
- Ukulawula ithrafikhi yomoya
- Amaqembu okuphatha okuphuthumayo omphakathi
- Ukusebenza komthetho wendawo
- Izibhedlela zasekhaya kanye namanye amaqembu ezempilo
- Izinhlangano zomphakathi zenkampani ezihlangene nezinhlangano zokusiza, ezifana ne-American Red Cross ne-FEMA
- Izitolo zemidiya
- FAA
- I-NTSB, uma kwenzeka uphenyo lwenhlekelele yendiza luyadingeka
- FBI, uma kwenzeka isenzo sobuphekula noma ukuphepha kazwelonke
- I-ejensi yezempi, uma ikhona
Ukwakhiwa kwe-AEP
Ukwakhiwa kwe-AEP akuyona umsebenzi olula.
Okokuqala, kufanele kwenziwe ucwaningo ukuze kulungiswe uhlelo olungcono kakhulu olusekelwe kwezinye izinhlelo eziningi, njengendlela yokubhekana nesimo esiphuthumayo sokuhlelwa kwedolobha, izimiso zendawo, izinhlelo ze-OSHA kanye ne-EPA, izinhlelo zesifundazwe nezesifundazwe eziphuthumayo zokubhekana neziphuthumayo kanye nezinhlelo zendiza zomuntu ngamunye.
Okwesibili, i-AEP kumele ihambisane nemigomo eminingana evela ejensi ehlukene njenge-OSHA, i-FAA kanye noMnyango wezokuThutha (i-DOT).
Khona-ke, ukuhlaziywa kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kubone izingozi zesikhumulo sezindiza esithile esihilelekile ku-AEP. Isibonelo, isikhumulo sezindiza esisodwa singase sibe ngaphansi komsebenzi we-volcanic noma i-tornados, kanti omunye angase abe endaweni engozini kakhulu yokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula.
Lapho kutholakala izingozi ezikhona, futhi ukuhlolwa kwezinhlekelele kugcwaliswe, umxhumanisi wesiphephelo esiphuthumayo esikhumulo sezindiza angaqala ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zezinkinga ezithile. Kuzoba khona uhlelo oluhlukile lokushayela indiza, isibonelo, kunokuba kusongelwa ibhomu.
Ukuhlelwa i-AEP kuthatha imihlangano eminingi namaqembu amaningi abantu, futhi izibuyekezo eziningi ngaphambi kokuqedela. Uma sekuphelele, ukuhlolwa kwe-AEP kungaqala.
Ukuqeqesha, ukushayela, nokuzivocavoca:
I-AEP ihlale ibuyekezwa. Enye yezinto ezisiza abaphathi nabaxhumanisi ukuthuthukisa uhlelo oluhle kakhulu ukukwenza lolu hlelo ngokuphindaphindiwe, ukukhwabanisa izimo ezihlukahlukene nokusebenzisa zonke izinsiza ezikhona ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinhlangothi ziyazi indima yazo uma kwenzeka okuphuthumayo. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola impumelelo engaba khona ye-AEP:
- Ukuqeqesha: Ukuqeqesha kufanele kube ngokujulile futhi njalo. Kukhona abantu abaningi abadinga ukujwayela i-AEP, ngakho-ke imiqulu yokuqeqesha ejwayelekile kanye nezifundo zokufunda ekilasini yizinqumo ezidumile zokuqeqesha abantu abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.Kumele kube nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kwamanye amaqembu, kuye ngokuthi indima ngayinye. Abaphenduli bokuqala, abacimi bomlilo, ukuphepha kwezindiza, nabanye bazodinga ukuqeqeshwa okuqondile mayelana nendlela yokuphatha ukulimala, isixuku, kanye nabezindaba, kanye nendlela yokusingatha ulwazi olubucayi ngenkathi kuvikela indawo yesehlakalo.
- Izibhamu: Izinkathazo, izinsongo zokuqothulwa kwamabhomu, kanye nokuphathwa kwezinto eziyingozi kungenziwa njalo ngezikhathi eziningi. Imishalo ngokuvamile igxile kwisici esisodwa se-AEP, njengokuthi ungazisa kanjani wonke umuntu, indlela yokuvikela inqubo yokuxhumana, noma indlela yokusingatha ubufakazi.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca kungaba ukuvivinya umzimba, ukuvivinya umzimba noma ukuvivinya umzimba.
Ukuzivocavoca kwethebhulethi kuyinto elula kunazo zonke, njengoba nje kuhilela umkhathi womhlangano kanye nengxoxo yokulinganiselwa kwe-AEP nokuthuthukiswa okungenziwa.Ukuzivocavoca okusebenzayo kuhilela isimo sokuziqhenya ngezinkinga zesikhathi kanye nemigomo yokuqedwa kodwa akubandakanyi zonke izici ze-AEP.
Ukuzivocavoca okubukhoma nakho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuzivocavoca okugcwele, kuhlanganisa ukulinganisa okubukhoma kwesenzakalo esiphuthumayo, njengokushayeka kwezindiza. Ukuzivocavoca okugcwele kuhlanganisa amaqembu amaningi, kufaka phakathi amaqembu ezempendulo eziphuthumayo, i-Red Cross, amahhotela asendaweni, abacimi bomlilo, amaphoyisa, abasebenzi bezindiza, abaphenyi be-NTSB, njll.
Ububanzi bokuzivocavoca bukhoma kuzoxhomeke ezidingo zezindiza (isikhumulo sezindiza esithile sizodinga ukuqedela ukuzivocavoca okugcwele njalo eminyakeni emithathu), uhlobo lwesimo esicubungulwayo nokutholakala kwamaqembu ahlobene. Ezimweni eziningi, kungokoqobo, ngisho nokubandakanya abadlali abazenza sengathi babagibeli abalimele, njengalokhu kuvivinya ngokugcwele esikoleni e-Chicago.
AEP Elements:
Ngokwe-FAA eyelulekayo mayelana nokuqondiswa kwama-AEP, izakhi ze-AEP ngokuvamile zifaka lokhu okulandelayo:
- Uhlu lwamaqembu abathintekayo kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo ebalulekile yeqembu ngalinye ngesikhathi nangemva kwenhlekelele.
- Uhlu lwabantu abakhulu abazokwaziswa uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo, nokuthi indima yomuntu ngamunye izoba yiphi.
- Inqubo yesaziso, kubandakanya izindlela zokuxhumana kanye nomyalelo abantu abazokwaziswa ngawo.
- Izinhla zokuhlola ezicacile zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene.
- Incazelo yokuthi ulwazi luzosakazwa nini futhi nini, kubandakanya ukuthi ngubani ozokukhuluma nabezindaba nokuthi yiziphi izingcezu zokwaziswa ezizokhishwa, ngokunaka ulwazi olubucayi.
- Incazelo yokukhishwa kwamasu nokubhuka, kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsiza zendawo zendawo kanye nesifundazwe.
- Ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ungalondoloza kanjani indawo, uvumele abantu ukuthi bangene ezindaweni eziyingozi nezindawo ezikwaziswa ezibucayi.
- Isiqondiso sokushisa umlilo, ezempilo, namaqembu ezempilo.
- Imiyalo yokuthi ungayithola kanjani futhi nini ukuthola izinsiza ezengeziwe, ukuphathwa kwemishini yezindiza, nokuphepha.
- Amabalazwe asezindiza, izindawo zokwakha, nolwazi lwezizathu zezindiza.