Iningi lemithetho ephathelene nokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuqashwa ngokomzimba ihlanganiswa noMthetho waseMelika onokukhubazeka . I-ADA isebenza ezinkampanini ezizimele ezinabasebenzi abangaba ngu-15 noma ngaphezulu, kanye nabaqashi bakahulumeni basekhaya, basebenzi, nezinhlangano zabasebenzi.
Lo mthetho wenza ngokungemthetho ukubandlulula abasebenzi noma abafuna umsebenzi ngokusekelwe ekukhubazekeni. Ihlanganisa nezinye izindawo eziningana zokubandlulula, ezifana nokuhamba, izindawo zokuhlala zomphakathi, nokufinyelela kumasevisi kahulumeni nasendaweni.
Izinkombandlela Zomthetho
Ukuvikela abafakizicelo emisebenzini ngokumelene nokubandlululwa, i-ADA ivimbela ukufuna ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngaphambi kokwandisa ukunikezwa komsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, abaqashi bayavunyelwa ukucela abazosebenza ukuthi bahlole ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha emva kokunikezelwa kwemisebenzi enemibandela, uma nje befuna bonke abafake izicelo ukuba benze umsebenzi ofanayo wokuhlolwa. Bangabuye babuze abafakizicelo ukuba bahlathulule noma bakhombise ukuthi bangayenza kanjani imisebenzi emisebenzini ethile ngaphambi kokwandisa isipho.
Ukudlula umzimba kungaba isimo somsebenzi. Ukuhlolwa kwemisebenzi kungabandakanya izivivinyo zomzimba kanye nemibuzo yezempilo, kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa nokuphuza utshwala, ukuvivinya kwengqondo, nokuhlolwa kwempilo yengqondo noma yengqondo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzi bangadingeka ukuba babe nama-physicals uma impilo noma imfanelo kuyimfuneko yomsebenzi; isibonelo, amaphoyisa noma abacimi bomlilo bangacelwa ukuthi babonise ukufaneleka komzimba okudingekayo ukwenza imisebenzi yomsebenzi wabo.
Abaqashi abahlanganiswe nemithetho kahulumeni ngokumelene nokubandlululwa kokukhubazeka kungadinga ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi komsebenzi ngaphambi kokuqashwa ukuze banqume ukuthi kufanele yini umuntu onomsebenzi. Ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwamakhono okusebenza ngokomzimba nakho kungadingeka njengesimo somsebenzi.
Izidingo
Ukuhlolwa okungokwenyama kungadingeka yinkampani yamasheya amasha uma bonke abanye abazofuna isigaba esifanayo besadingeka ukuba babe nokuhlolwa.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokwalo ayikwazi ukubandlulula isisebenzi, futhi amarekhodi akhe wezokwelapha nomlando kumele agcinwe eyimfihlo futhi ahluke kwamanye amarekhodi abo. Kuphinde kulindeleke ukuthi umuntu oqhuba uhlolo noma ukuhlolwa azoqonda ngokugcwele lokho okulindelekile komsebenzi ukuze athole ukuthi isisebenzi esingaba khona singakwazi yini ukuqedela imisebenzi edingekayo yilelo msebenzi.
Abaqashi bayadingeka ukuba benze "indawo yokuhlala efanelekayo" kulabo abakhubazekile abakhubazekile ukuze bakwazi ukucatshangelwa ukuvula umsebenzi. Ngeke banqabe ukucabangela abakhubazekile abakudinga ukuhlala.
Ukuvivinya izidakamizwa nezidakamizwa
Abaqashi baqhuba izivivinyo ngezidakamizwa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukungabi khona kwezehlakalo kanye nezingozi zomsebenzi, ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo nokunciphisa inkokhelo yenkampani.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlola izidakamizwa ukuthi abaqashi bomsebenzi bangacelwa ukuba bathathe . Lokhu kufaka ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa zomchamo , ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa noma ukuphuza utshwala, ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa zamathe, nokuguqula izidakamizwa zezidakamizwa.
Ukuvivinya kwamandla weMvelo
Ukuhlolwa kwekhono lomzimba kulinganisa ikhono lomzimba lomenzi wesicelo ukwenza umsebenzi othize noma amandla amaqembu athile omzimba, kanye namandla kanye nokuqina ngokujwayelekile.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhono lomzimba kungenziwa kubantu abasebenzayo emkhakheni wezinyathelo zabasebenzi nabasebenzi. Amakhono afana nokuqina, ukuguquguquka, namandla okuvame ukucatshangelwa. Isibonelo, abaqashi bangase bacele abafuna umsebenzi ukufakazela ukuthi bangakwazi ukuphakamisa inani elibekwe isisindo, uma ukwenza kanjalo kuyingxenye yemisebenzi yomsebenzi womsebenzi.
Ezinye izingxenye zokuhlolwa kwekhono lomzimba zingabandakanya ukungezwani kwemisipha namandla, ukukhuthazela, impilo yempilo, ukuguquguquka, ukulinganisela, nesimo sengqondo ngaphansi kokucindezeleka ngokomzimba.
Ukuvivinya ikhono lomzimba ngokuvamile kuyisisekelo sezimpi eziningi ezisemthethweni ezisemsebenzini. Abesifazane, abancane, kanye nabantu asebekhulile bavame ukuhlolwa kokungalingani noma ukungalingani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo ezithile ezifana ne-asthma, i-high blood pressure, izinkinga zenhliziyo, nezinye izinkinga zempilo zikhonjwe ngokungafani ngaphansi kwe- Americans With Disability Act .
Okokugcina, abaqashi bangase babe nesibopho nganoma yikuphi ukulimala okuvela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwekhono lomzimba.
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