UMthetho WezeMpilo Wezokwelapha , noma i-FMLA njengoba kuvame ukubhekwa kuyo, ingaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ngakho-ke abantu abaningi abazisebenzisi ngalesi sabelo esibalulekile sisebenti. Ngenani lemininingwane engaqondakali engaphandle, kungaba nzima ukuthola izimpendulo ezifanele. Lapha, senze ezinye zezinto ezingaphezulu ongazazi nge-FMLA, ngakho ungaba isisebenzi esolwazi futhi uthathe ikhefu elivunyiwe uma uludinga kakhulu.
# 1 - Ingabe i-FMLA ikhokhelwa isikhathi?
Cha, futhi yebo. Ngenkathi uMthetho WokuShaywa KweMpilo Yomndeni unikeza ikhefu lokuvikelwa emsebenzini isikhathi esithile sabasebenzi abafanelekile, lesi sikhathi singase sikhokhele noma singakhokhelwa ngumqashi. Konke lokhu kuncike uma ngabe umsebenzi unelungelo lokukhokha isikhathi ngokusebenzisa umqashi ngamunye. Isibonelo, isisebenzi singase sifaneleke izinsuku ezingama-21 esikhokhelwayo ngonyaka kodwa sisebenzise izinsuku ezingu-4 ngalokhu ngezizathu zomuntu siqu. Ngakho-ke, isisebenzi singasebenzisa isikhathi sakhe sokuhlala esikhokhelwayo sezinsuku eziyi-17 (noma amahora angu-136) ngesikhathi sekhefu le-FMLA. Isikhathi esisele asikhokhiwe, ngakho-ke isisebenzi sidinga ukuthi sibe nezinye izinsiza phakathi nalesi sikhathi, njenge-akhawunti yokulondoloza ngokuzenzekelayo noma engenayo yomlingani.
# 2 - Ngabe ngikhokhwa ngenkathi ngifika ku-FMLA?
Ngesikhathi se-FMLA evunyelwe, umqashi wakho akaphoqelekile ukukhokha inkokhelo kodwa kudingeka ukuba aqhubeke nezinye izinzuzo zakho, njengomshuwalense wezempilo, izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi, kanye nokwabelana ngenzuzo.
Umsebenzi wakho uvikelekile futhi uqinisekisiwe ukuthi (noma umsebenzi olinganayo) uzokulinda uma ubuyela emsebenzini. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uvumelekile ukusebenzisa noma yiliphi isikhathi esikhokhelwayo esikhokhelwayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwe-FMLA, ngakho kufanele ukwazi ukuzixhasa usebenzisa ezinye izinsiza zemali uma i-PTO iphela.
# 3 - Ngifanelekela kanjani i-FMLA?
Ukuze uthole imvume ye-FMLA, inkampani yakho yokuqala kufanele ihlangabezane nemigomo ethile, eyaziwa nangokuthi "umqashi ovutshiwe." Lokhu kusho ukuthi umqashi wakho kumele abe nabasebenzi abangaba ngu-50 noma ngaphezulu abasebenza engxenyeni engamakhilomitha angu-75. Ngakho-ke, ngisho noma umqashi wakho enabasebenzi abangu-200, kodwa kuphela umsebenzi wama-49 kuphela kumahhovisi omkhiqizo ama-5 ahlukaniswe ngamamayela angu-75 noma ngaphezulu, ungahle uguqulwe i-FMLA. Kodwa-ke, abaqashi abaningi bazoqhubeka banikeza i-FMLA, futhi kunemithetho ye-state kanye ne-county engakwenza ukwazi ukufaneleka. Okwesibili, kumele usebenze okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12 (akudingeki ukuba zilandele), futhi okungenani amahora angu-1250 (amahora angama-24 evikini). Qaphela ukuthi awukwazi ukubala izikhathi zokuntuleka kwemisebenzi eminyakeni engu-7 noma ngaphezulu phakathi. Abasebenzi abathile abasebenza endaweni ye-aerospace kanye ne-ejensi yomphakathi kanye nezikole kudingeka basebenze amahora amancane ukuze bafaneleke.
# 4 - Ngicela nini futhi ngifaka nini i-FMLA?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa iminyango yakho yomnyango ngokushesha uma wazi ukuthi udinga ukusebenzisa inzuzo yakho ye-FMLA. Empeleni, kuyadingeka ukuthi unikeze isaziso esibhaliwe sezinsuku ezingu-30 ukuthatha ikhefu le-FMLA, noma kungenqatshwa ngumqashi wakho. Uma kwenzeka umcimbi ongalindelekile, njengengozi noma ukugula kwengane noma oshade naye, kungase kudingeke unikeze amadokhumenti ezokwelapha ukuze acele leli shiyi futhi alivumele.
Umqashi wakho kufanele akunike impendulo kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-5 zebhizinisi kusuka kwesicelo sakho sokuqala se-FMLA.
# 5 - Ingabe i-FMLA ifana nokukhubazeka kwesikhashana esifushane?
Cha, kuyilapho i-FMLA ifana nokuthatha isikhathi ngezinye izizathu, akufani nokukhubazeka kwesikhashana esifushane. I-FMLA iklanyelwe ngenhloso yokuvumela isisebenzi ukuba sinakekele ukuzalwa noma ukwamukelwa kwengane entsha, umlingani ogula kakhulu noma ilunga lomndeni, noma ilungu lomndeni oseduze olilungu eliyingozi elimele elimele. Ikhefu lokukhubazeka isikhathi esifushane lenzelwe ukunakekela ukulimala komuntu siqu noma ukugula ngokwakho isikhathi sokuvunyelwa ngokwemithi.
# 6 - Ungalahleka isikhathi esingakanani umsebenzi ku-FMLA?
Ngokujwayelekile, ubude besikhathi ongafaneleka ku-FMLA lungamaviki angu-12 avikelwe umsebenzi, amanye avunyelwe kuze kube amasonto angu-18 (abasebenzi bezempi).
Kodwa ngabe unquma isikhathi esingakanani ukuthatha i-FMLA kuwe nomngane wakho womshado uma naye ehlela ukuthatha ikhefu. Isibonelo, ubaba omusha angase anqume ukuthatha amaviki amathathu, ngenkathi umkakhe evala amasonto angu-12 emsebenzini ukuze alulame ngemuva kokubeletha.
# 7 - Ingabe ikhokhelo lekhefu lezempilo le-FMLA?
Nakulokhu, i-FMLA ayiklanyelwe njengendlela yokuthola izidingo zezokwelapha ngenxa yokulimala noma ukugula okungeziwe, futhi akuyona indlela yomshuwalense. Inkokhelo yekhefu lezokwelapha iyisabelo somsebenzi esinikezelwa kwabanye abasebenzi. Uma ukulimala noma ukugula kungenxa yomcimbi othile womsebenzi noma ingozi, khona-ke ukuhamba kwezokwelapha ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswa ngaphansi kwenqubo yokufaka isicelo senkokhelo yomshuwalense futhi kungase kube amasonto amaningi noma izinyanga kuye ngokuqhubekayo kokuthola.
# 8 - Ingabe abazali bobabili bangathatha i-FMLA?
Yebo, ezimweni eziningi bobabili abazali bangathatha ikhefu le-FMLA. Lokhu konke kuncike uma abaqashi bomzali bobabili bahlanganiswa abaqashi ngaphansi komthetho we-FMLA futhi uma sebesebenze inombolo edingekayo yamahora nezinyanga ukuze bafaneleke. Isibonelo, umama omusha angase asebenzele umqashi oboshiwe futhi esebenze inombolo edingekayo yezinyanga namahora ngaphambi kokucela i-FMLA. Ubaba kungenzeka ukuthi usebenze kumqashi ovuthayo, kodwa njengoba nje eqale umsebenzi wakhe ezinyangeni ezine ezedlule, akakwazi ukuthatha i-FMLA. Uma bobabili abazali befanelekile, kufanele bazise abaqashi babo futhi bacele ikhefu ngokushesha nje uma beyazi ukuthi badinga isikhathi.
# 9 - Yiziphi izimo ezihlanganiswa ngaphansi kwe-FMLA?
Ikhefu le-FMLA lenzelwe izinhloso ezithile uma isisebenzi sidinga isikhathi eside. Lezi zimo zibandakanya ukukhulelwa noma ukwamukelwa kwengane entsha , ukubekwa kwengane ekutholeni, ukugula okungathí sina nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha komlingani, ingane, isane-ingane, ingane ekhulelwe, umzali, noma omunye umuntu othembekile ngokomthetho. I-FMLA ihlanganisa namalungu omndeni osondelene nomuntu osebenza ngokusemthethweni wezempi, ngakho umzali anganakekela ingane emdala noma isisebenzi singamnakekela umzala.
# 10 - Kwenzekani uma ngingenakubuyela emuva ukusebenza ku-FMLA?
Lokhu kuyinkinga abaningi abanayo uma kuziwa ngekhefu le-FMLA. Kungani? Ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sokutakula noma izinkinga ezithile zingase zande ngaphezu kwamasonto angu-12 kuya kwangu-18 avumelekile. Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, abasebenzi kumele benze konke okusemandleni abo ukuze basebenze lokhu kanye nomqashi wabo ngokushesha nje uma beyazi ukuthi bangadinga isikhathi esiningi. Kwezinye izimo, isandiso se-FMLA singanikezwa ngumqashi ngesizathu esizwakalayo, noma umqashi angase acele isisebenzi ukuthi sisebenze okungenani isikhathi esithile noma ekhaya ngalesikhathi. Ngokufanayo, ungabuya futhi ukusebenza ngokushesha uma ufisa.
# 11 - Ngiyiphi inhlangano eqinisa i-FMLA uma nginenkinga?
Ngezinye izikhathi, izinkinga kanye nemibuzo ivela ngesikhathi sekhefu elivunyelwe i-FMLA. Umnyango Wezabasebenzi wase-US uyinhlangano kahulumeni ekhuthaza i-FMLA, ngakho-ke uma ungakwazi ukuthola izimpendulo kumqashi wakho noma uma ukholelwa ukuthi unqatshelwe ikhefu kodwa uvumelekile, ungaxhumana nokuhlukaniswa kwesifunda sakho salensiza. Izinkampani ezihluleka ukulandela imihlahlandlela ye-FMLA zihambisana nezinhlawulo ezinzima nezinhlawulo.
Uma unemibuzo eminingi, ungalanda Umhlahlandlela Womsebenzi Wamahhala we-FMLA njengoba unikezwa uMnyango Wezabasebenzi.