Ngenxa yokuthi umthetho wokuqashwa unzima kakhulu, abasebenzi ngokuvamile abazi ukuthi amalungelo abo ahlobene neholidi, isikhathi sokuncintisana, amakhomishini, nokuningi.
Eqinisweni, abanye abasebenzi abazi ngisho nalapho umqashi ephula umthetho wendawo yomsebenzi.
Ngezansi uhlu lwezingcingo eziphezulu eziyishumi zomsebenzi abasebenzi okufanele bazi. Funda lolu hlu lokuphulwa ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi wazi amalungelo akho, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uhlawulelwa ngendlela efanele.
Ukuhlukumeza Okuphezulu Kwendawo Yomsebenzi
UJim Sokolove, uMsunguli, uSoweve Law, ukwabelana ngolwazi ngalokho abasebenzi okufanele bazi ngakho mayelana namalungelo abo njengabasebenzi.
Isikhathi Esisikhokhele Esingakhokhiwe
Uma imisebenzi yakho ihlanganisa ukugqoka noma ukukhipha imishini yokufanisa noma yokuzivikela, ukwenza isamba samasheya, ukubeka nokuhlanza indawo yomsebenzi wakho, noma ukuya emhlanganweni wokushintsha-we-shift, unelungelo lomholo wakho ovamile isikhathi ohlanganyela kulowo msebenzi.
Unelungelo lokuthola isinxephezelo nganoma yikuphi amahora "engeziwe" osebenzayo, njengokusebenza ngekhefu lakho lokudla kwasemini , noma ngabe umqashi wakho akudingi ukuthi usebenze isikhathi esengeziwe.
Lezi zikhathi zonke zibhekwa njengesixazululo. Umqashi wakho uyadingeka ngokomthetho ukukukhokhela sonke isikhathi esikhokhelwe.
Isikhathi sokuphumula esingakhokhelwa
I-Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) ayidingi abaqashi ukuba bakhokhe abasebenzi ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Kodwa-ke, uma umqashi ehlinzeka ngamaholidi akhokhelwayo, isikhathi esitholiwe (eqoqwe) siyingxenye yesinxephezelo somsebenzi.
Uma ususiwe noma uyeka, futhi unesikhathi sokuphumula, unelungelo lokukhokha ngaleso sikhathi, njengenqubomgomo yenkampani ngayinye.
"Yisebenzise Noma Yilahle" Isikhathi Sokuphumula
Abanye abaqashi abahlinzeka isikhathi sokuphumula bawuthatha " ukusebenzisa noma ukulahlekelwa " inqubomgomo, lapho befuna khona abasebenzi abangasebenzisi iholide yabo eqoqiwe ekupheleni konyaka ukuze balahlekelwe. Izinqubomgomo zokusebenza-it-noma-lost-it zingekho emthethweni kwezinye izifundazwe, kuhlanganise neCalifornia, Montana, naseNebraska. Ezinye izidinga zidinga abaqashi ukuba banikeze abasebenzi babo ithuba elihle lokusebenzisa isikhathi sabo seholide ngaphambi kokuba balahlekelwe.
IKhomishini engakhokhiwe noma ibhonasi
Isinxephezelo sakho singabandakanya amakhomishini noma amabhonasi asekelwe ekusebenziseni izinkomba zokusebenza, ezifana nokukhiqiza noma ukuthengiswa kwama-quotas. Amabhonasi nama-commissions awalawulwa yi-FLSA. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unelungelo lamabhonasi noma amakhomishini anqunywe isivumelwano sakho nomqashi wakho nemithetho kahulumeni lapho usebenza khona.
Kodwa-ke, uma uthembisiwe ibhonasi noma ikhomishana yokufeza izilinganiso ezithile, futhi uzuze lokho, unelungelo lokuthola ikhomishana noma ibhonasi ethembiswe ngumqashi wakho. Uma umqashi wakho engakunikezi ibhonasi noma ikhomishini ethembisiwe, uphula umthetho womsebenzi.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwabasebenzi njengabasebenzi abaxoshiwe
Ukudideka mayelana nemithetho yokukhululwa kuvamile phakathi kwabaqashi nabasebenzi. Naphezu kwalokho abantu abaningi abakucabangayo, ukukhululwa akuhlangene nesihloko sakho noma incazelo yomsebenzi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthola umholo kunokuba umholo wehora awukona okwanele ukucacisa isimo sakho.
Qaphela izinga lakho lomholo kanye nemisebenzi yomsebenzi, ngoba yizona izici zokunquma kwakho. Ukukwazi ukuthi awukhokhisiwe yini noma cha kubalulekile, ngoba abasebenzi abakhululekile abanelungelo lokuthola inkokhelo yesikhathi esengeziwe njengoba kuqinisekiswe yi-FLSA.
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwabasebenzi njengezinkontileka ezizimele
Abakhiqizi abazimele , ngencazelo, bangabasebenzi abaziqashile abangahlanganiswa nemithetho yentela kanye nemali ekhokhelwa abasebenzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abaqashi abakhokhi intela yezenhlalakahle, i-Medicare noma intela yomshuwalensi wokungaqashwa komsebenzi onkontileka ezizimele.
Uma ungewona ukontrakta ozimele, qinisekisa ukuthi umqashi wakho akakuhlukanisi njengomunye. Abakhiqizi abazimele abafanelekile izinzuzo ezithile ezifana nezinzuzo zezokwelapha, zamazinyo, nokungasebenzi.
Inkokhelo Yokukhokhelwa Kwedlule Okungahlawulwanga Noma Engalungile
Ngaphansi kwe-FLSA, imithetho yokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe isekelwe emsebenzini wamahora angu-40. I-FLSA ithi wonke umuntu osebenza amahora angaphezu kuka-40 emsebenzini kufanele akhokhwe ngesilinganiso sesigamu esisodwa nesigamu isilinganiso esivamile sehora ngalinye. Abasebenzi abangatholakali bangakhokhwa ngeviki, ngeviki ngalinye, ngenyanga, noma ngenyanga, kepha isikhathi esengeziwe sikholwa nguMsombuluko kuya kuLwesihlanu lomsebenzi.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ugcina ithrekhi yamahora akho asetshenzisiwe, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uthola kahle ukukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe.
Isikhathi senkathi Esikhundleni sokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe
Isikhathi sokukhokha, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi " isikhathi sokubambisana ," ngokuvamile sikhokhelwa isikhathi sokukhokha esikhundleni semali eyengeziwe. Isibonelo, kunokuba ukhokhe abasebenzi isikhathi nesigamu samahora angaphezu kwesikhatsi esimatasa, ibhizinisi linganikeza isikhathi sokubanjwa ngesikhathi esilandelayo. Ngenkathi isikhathi sokubambisana singase sibe ngokomthetho ngokuya ngezigaba zesisebenzi, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sikhokhwe ngesilinganiso esifanayo njengamaholo angaphezu kuka- 150%.
Ngokombiko we-FLSA, abaqashi abazimele banganikeza isikhathi sokuncintisana uma sekukhona isikhathi esifanayo sokukhokha njengesikhathi esengeziwe sokusebenza. Kukhona umehluko phakathi kwesikhathi sokuqashwa kwabasebenzi abakhululekile nabangekho. Abasebenzi abangatholakali kumele bakhokhwe isikhathi esengeziwe. Ukunikeza abasebenzi abangenasikhwama isikhathi sokunciphisa ukuphula umthetho womsebenzi. Qiniseka ukuthi uthola isinxephezelo esifanele sokusebenza isikhathi esengeziwe.
Ukubika Amanga
Abaqashi abaningi bakha imithetho yokuthi umsebenzi wesikhathi esengeziwe ngeke uvunyelwe noma ukhokhelwe ngaphandle kokugunyazwa kwangaphambili. Abanye bakhetha "ukubheka enye indlela" lapho abasebenzi abangenawo umsebenzi basebenza isikhathi esengeziwe futhi bengavumeli lawo mahora ukuba abikwe. Lezi zinqubomgomo azihambisani ne-FLSA. Abasebenzi kumele babike isikhathi sabo sokuchitha isikhathi.
Ukuhlukunyezwa Okuphansi Kwamaholo
Kusukela ngoJulayi 24, 2009, umholo omncane wesifundazwe kwabasebenzi abaningi abahlanganisiwe u-$ 7.25 ngehora. Okunye okungafani kuhlanganisa abasebenzi abathile bezisebenzi kanye nabasebenzi abathile abakhubazekile, abangahle bakhokhwe ngezinga eliphansi.
Umholo omncane wabasebenzi abasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-20 ngu-$ 4.25 ngehora phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezingu-90 zokuqashwa kuphela (izinsuku ezilandelanayo zekhalenda, hhayi izinsuku zokuqashwa). Lokhu kusebenza kuwo wonke umsebenzi umuntu ayenayo kuze kube yilapho ephendulela 20. Akusebenzi nje kuphela emsebenzini wakhe wokuqala.
Abasebenzi abathola amathiphu emsebenzini bangakhokhwa isilinganiso esincane samahora angu-$ 2.13, uma nje isilinganiso sehora ngamahora kanye namathiphu athole ama-total okungenani ama-$ 7.25. Qiniseka ukuthi uthola umholo omncane ophansi (okungenani) ngokusekelwe kulezi zidingo.
I-Whistleblowing
Ummeli ngumuntu okhononda ngemisebenzi engekho emthethweni noma umsebenzi wephula inqubomgomo yenkampani kumqashi. Ummeli angaba ngumsebenzi, umphakeli, iklayenti, umkhontilaki, nanoma ubani ongase aqonde noma yikuphi umsebenzi ongekho emthethweni okwenzeka ebhizinisini noma enhlanganweni. Lezo zikhalo zivame ukushiwo emphakathini noma zibikwe ku-ejensi noma ku-ejensi yokuphoqelela umthetho.
Abafaki be-Whistleblowers bavame ukuxoshwa yinkampani abayisebenzelayo. Abafelandazi abagcina imisebenzi yabo bangabhekana nokuhlukumeza, ukuvuma, ukukhululwa isikhathi esengeziwe, ukuphika, ukusongela, ukubuyisela kabusha noma ukunciphisa inkokhelo.
I-Whistleblower Protection Act inikeza ukuvikelwa ngokomthetho kwabasebenzi bombuso ngaphezu kwemithetho yokuvikela eyenziwe yi-Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) kanye ne-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuphulwa komsebenzi emsebenzini
Uma ucabanga ukuthi umqashi wakho wenza ukuphulwa komsebenzi emsebenzini, isinyathelo sakho sokuqala ukuthola ulwazi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Hlola Abacebisi Abaqondisi - lawa amathuluzi asebenzisanayo anikezwe uMnyango Wezabasebenzi wase - US . Lezi zingakunika ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nemithetho eminingi yokuqashwa kombuso.