Okushiwo uMthetho Ngamaholo, Ukuphepha Komsebenzi, Ukubandlulula, nokuningi
Imisebenzi eqondile Yokuqashwa Nokusebenza Kwemisebenzi Yokwazi
Umthetho we-Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) ulawula izimo zezempilo nezokuphepha ezimbonini ezizimele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izindawo zomsebenzi azikho izingozi ezinkulu. Abaqashi abaqashiwe kudingeka babonise iphosta emsebenzini, bachaze amalungelo abasebenzi ukuba bacele ukuhlolwa kwe-OSHA, ukuthi bathole kanjani ukuqeqeshwa ezindaweni eziyingozi zokusebenza nokuthi bangabika kanjani izinkinga.
UMthetho WezeMigomo Wezabasebenzi Wemisebenzi ubeka inkokhelo yokukhokhelwa kwamaholo kanye nokukhokhelwa isikhathi esengeziwe isikhathi esisodwa nesigamu isilinganiso sokukhokha njalo. Ibuye iphinde iqondise umsebenzi wezingane , inciphise inani lamahora abasebenza ngabantwana.
Umthetho Wokuvikeleka Kwemali Yomhlalaphansi (Employee Retirement Income Security Act) (ERISA) uqondisa izinhlelo zomhlalaphansi zomqashi kanye nezidingo ezidingekayo zokubhalisa, ukudalulwa nokubika. I-ERISA ayisebenzisi kubo bonke abaqashi abazimele, futhi ayidingi izinkampani ukuba zinikeze izinhlelo kubasebenzi, kodwa ibeka amazinga wezinhlelo, uma abaqashi bakhetha ukuzinikeza.
Umthetho wezokuPhepha koMndeni kanye noMndeni udinga abaqashi abangaphezu kuka-50 abasebenzi ukuba banike abasebenzi kuze kube amasonto angu-12 eholidini elingakhokhiwe, elivikelekile lomsebenzi ekuzalweni noma ekwamukelweni kwengane, ngenxa yokugula okubi kwesisebenzi noma oshade naye, ingane, noma umzali, noma ngezimo eziphuthumayo ezihlobene nenkonzo yezempi yelunga lomndeni, okubandakanya nezidingo zokunakekela izingane.
Uma ngabe i-servicemember esebenzayo igula kakhulu noma ilimazekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo, ukufakwa kwezimali kungahle kwandiswe kuze kube amasonto angama-26 ekhefu elingakhokhelwa phakathi nenyanga eyi-12.
Uhlu lwemithetho yama-US Employment kanye nezinsiza
I-United States inezinkulungwane zemithetho yokuqasha kanye nemisebenzi yezemisebenzi ethinta abaqashi nabasebenzi. Nasi uhlu lwemithombo yamanye wemithetho ebaluleke kunazo zonke yase-US yomsebenzi.
Imithetho Ngokuphathelene Nezinkokhelo
I-Comp Time : Imithetho ephathelene nesikhathi esikhokhelwayo esikhundleni sokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe sokusebenza kwamahora engeziwe.
I-Fair Pay : Kunemithetho eminingana ezincwadini ezivimbela ukubandlulula ngenxa yesondo, kufaka phakathi isihloko VII soMthetho wamaLungelo oMphakathi ka-1964 , uMthetho we - Equal Pay ka-1963 kanye noMthetho wamaLungelo oMphakathi ka-1991.
Umholo omncane : Umholo wamanje we-federal wesikhashana u-$ 7.25 ngehora, kodwa izindawo eziningi nezindawo zemigwaqo zibeke umvuzo wabo ophansi. (Ezinye izifundazwe ziye zabeka inkokhelo ephansi, kodwa kulezi zimo, ubuncane bombuso obuphezulu bukhona.)
I-Overtime Pay : Izisebenzi zansuku zonke noma labo abathola imali engaphansi kuka-$ 455 ngesonto banelungelo lokukhokha isikhathi nesigamu uma basebenza amahora angaphezu kuka-40 emsebenzini.
Khokha Izinsuku Zezingqimba : Uyakhokhwa uma inkampani yakho ivaliwe ngenxa yesimo sezulu esingenayo? Kuxhomeke ezintweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi umthetho wesifunda kanye nesifundazwe.
Imiholo engakhokhiwe : Unelungelo lokubuyela emuva? Thola ukuthi ungakuqoqa kanjani, lapha.
Ukukhokha Iholide : Umthetho wase-Federal awudingi abaqashi ukuba banikeze isikhathi sokukhokha esikhokhelwayo, kodwa inkampani yakho ingenza kanjalo noma kunjalo. Kukhokhela ukuqonda inqubomgomo yenkampani.
Ukulungiswa Kwemholo : Izinhlobo ezithile zezikweletu, isib. Izikweletu zentela kanye nezinkokhelo zokusekela izingane, zingahle ziqoqwe ngokuqashwa kwamaholo. UMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwezikweletu Wabathengi ubeka imingcele nokuvikelwa kwabasebenzi.
Ukuqashwa nokudubula
Ukuqashwa ku-Will : Iningi labasebenzi basezimboni ezizimele e-US baqashwe ngokuthanda, okusho ukuthi bangaxoshwa nganoma yisiphi isizathu noma kungekho sizathu nhlobo, ngaphandle kwezizathu ezibandlulula.
Ukuxoshwa ku-Job : Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuzokhipha, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuzijwayeza ngamalungelo akho angokomthetho, ngaphambi kokuthola isaziso.
Ukuqeda Isizathu : Ukuqedwa ngenxa yalokho kuhlobene nokuziphatha okungathí sina, njengokuphulwa kwenqubomgomo yenkampani, ukwehluleka ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa, noma ukwephula umthetho.
Ukupheliswa okungalungile : Uma ukholelwa ukuthi ukucwaswa kuhilelekile ekuhlukaneni kwakho nenkampani, kungenzeka ukuthi usuqedile ngokungalungile.
Imithetho yokungasebenzi: Ingabe uvumelekile ukuthola ukungasebenzi? Thola lapha.
Ukuqeda ukusebenza : Yonke into oyidingayo mayelana namalungelo akho nemithwalo yemfanelo, uma ulahlekelwa umsebenzi wakho nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
Ukubandlulula
Umthetho waseMelika okhubazekile (i-ADA) : Lo mthetho wenza kube mthethweni kubaqashi ukubandlulula abafakizicelo bemisebenzi esekelwe ukukhubazeka.
Imisebenzi Yokulingana Elinganayo : Ikhomishana ye-Equal Employment Commission inikeza imithetho ephathelene nokucwaswa.
Ukuhlukunyezwa : Funda ukuthi yini ukuhlukunyezwa emsebenzini nokuthi ungenzani ngakho.
Ukubandlululwa Kwezenkolo : Abaqashi abakwazi ukubandlulula abasebenzi noma ukhetho ngokusekelwe ezinkolelweni zabo zenkolo.
Imithetho Yokucwasa Ukuqashwa : Abasebenzi bavikelekile ekubandlululweni ngokususelwa eminyakeni yobudala, ubulili, ubuhlanga, ubuhlanga, umbala wesikhumba, imvelaphi kazwelonke, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba, ulwazi lofuzo, nokukhulelwa noma ukubeletha.
Imithetho Yezabasebenzi
Umthetho Wokuvikela Imali Yomhlalaphansi (ERISA) : Lo mthetho ubeka izindinganiso zezinhlelo zempilo nezomhlalaphansi.
I-Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) : Uma uke waba nomqashi ofuna ukucela isheke sangemuva, uzofuna ukwazi ngokuvikela kwakho ngokomthetho ngaphansi kwalo mthetho.
UMthetho WezemiSebenzi WezeMisebenzi Efanele (i-FLSA) : Eyaziwa nangokuthi "uMthethosivivinywa Wamaholo Nehora," i-FLSA yamiswa yiCongress ngo-1938. Ilawula umholo omncane, isikhathi esengeziwe kanye nemithetho yomsebenzi wezingane.
Umthetho Wokunakekelwa Onganakekelwayo - Abesifazane Abahlengikazi : Ngaphansi kwezinhlinzeko ze-ACA, abaqashi kufanele banikeze omama abahlengikazi egumbini langasese ukuba banake ubisi / ubisi, kanye nesikhathi sokwenza kanjalo.
Umthetho Wezokushiya Komndeni Nezokwelapha : I- FMLA inikeza ama-worksweek angu-12 ekhefu elingakhokhelwa isikhathi sezinyanga ezingu-12 kubasebenzi abahlanganisiwe.
UMthetho Wokufuduka Kwabantu Nabezizwe (INA) : Ucacisa imithetho mayelana nemvume yokusebenza kanye nemholo yabasebenzi be-H-1B.
Ukuphumula emithethweni yomsebenzi : Le mithetho ilawula ukudla nokuphumula.
Imithetho Yokusebenza Kwezingane : Lezi zivikelo zomthetho zivimbela futhi zilawule amahora okusebenza kwabantwana.
Ingemuva Hlola uMthetho : Ilawula ukuhlolwa kwangemuva nendlela engasetshenziswa ngayo ngesikhathi sokuqashwa.
I-COBRA : UMthetho Wokuhlanganiswa Kwezimali Zomnotho Omnibus Uhlanganisiwe unikeza abasebenzi ilungelo lokuqhubeka nomshuwalense wabo wezempilo emva kokuhlukanisa nomsebenzi wabo.
Imithetho Yokuhlola Imithi Yezidakamizwa : Ngokuya embonini yakho, ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa kungahle kulawulwe ngumthetho kanye / noma umthetho wesifundazwe.
Umthetho Wobumfihlo Wobasebenzi : Funda ukuthi ungavikela kanjani ubumfihlo bakho emsebenzini nokuthi ngesikhathi sokusesha umsebenzi.
UMthetho Wezabasebenzi Labangaphandle : Abahlali bamazwe angaphandle abafuna ukusebenza e-US kumele bathole i-visa yomsebenzi.
Abaqashi Bokwaziswa Bingaveza : Abaqashi abaningi banezinqubomgomo mayelana nokungahambisani nolwazi mayelana nabasebenzi bangaphambili, isibonelo, ngabe ngabe baxoshwa yini-kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi bayavunyelwe ngokomthetho ukwenza kanjalo.
Ikhefu lokubeletha, i-Leave Paternity, Ikhefu Lokutholwa : Abaqashi base-US abadingeki ukuba banikeze ikhefu labazali elikhokhelwayo, kodwa i-FMLA inikeza abasebenzi abaningi abaningi ithuba lokukhokha.
Umthetho Wokuphepha Nokusebenza Emsebenzini (OSHA) : Le mithetho ilawula ukuphepha komsebenzi.
I-Wagner Act ka-1935 neThe Taft-Hartley Act ka-1947 : Ivikela ilungelo labasebenzi ukuhlela nokwenza izinyunyana (futhi lilawula ukuthi lezo zinyunyana zingasebenza kanjani).
Imisebenzi Engabonakaliyo UMthetho Wokusebenza Nokusetshenziswa Kwemisebenzi : USERRA uveza izinqubo namalungelo ahlobene nekhefu lempi.
Imithetho Yokusebenza Yentsha : Ilawula amahora okusebenza nemibandela yabasebenzi abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.
Okunye
Umqashi noma Ikontrakta Ezimele : Uma iklayenti lakho lilawula umsebenzi owenzayo futhi ubeka amahora owenza ngalo, ungase ube yisisebenzi.
Ukuhlolwa Kwemisebenzi Yesikweletu : Funda ukuthi amasheke angakanani angasetshenziswa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqashwa, ngokusho komthetho wesifundazwe.
I-Document Authorization Document (EAD) : Le mibhalo inikeza ubufakazi bokufaneleka okusemthethweni ukusebenza eMelika
Abaqashiwe Abasebenzi : Uma unelungelo lokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe, ungumsebenzi okhululekile.
IBhodi LezokuBambisana Labasebenzi Likazwelonke (NLRB) : I-NLRB ivimbela imikhuba engasebenzi kahle, ngokubambisana nokuvikela amalungelo abasebenzi ukuba bahlele.
Izivumelwano zokungahambisani nezivumelwano : Lezi zinkontileka zivimbela abasebenzi ukuba basebenzele umncintiswano.
Umshuwalense Wokukhubazeka Wesikhathi Esifishane : Inikeza inkokhelo encane ngenkathi umuntu omboziwe engakwazi ukusebenza. Abanye abaqashi banikeza lo mshwalense, kanti abanye bathi baxhasa izinhlelo.
Inxephezelo Yabasebenzi : Umshuwalense ohlinzekwe nguMbuso kubantu abalimele emsebenzini.
Ukukhubazeka Komphakathi : Uma ukhutshaziwe ngesimo sezokwelapha esifanelekile futhi ususebenze emisebenzini ehlanganiswe nokuPhepha koMphakathi, ungase ube nelungelo lokukhubazeka.
UMnyango Wezabasebenzi wase-US : I-federal agency ephethe ukulawula izimo zokusebenza, umholo, amahora kanye nokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe.
Ukuphulwa komsebenzi : Ukuhlukunyezwa okuvamile kubandakanya inkokhelo engakhokhiwe, ukungasebenzi kahle kwabasebenzi njengabasebenzi abakhululekile kanye nokuphulwa okungenani kwemholo.
eLaw Advisors
Udinga ulwazi oluningi mayelana nemithetho ethile yomsebenzi? Abaqondisi be-ELaws amathuluzi asebenzisana anikezwe uMnyango Wezabasebenzi wase-US enikeza ulwazi mayelana nemithetho eminingi yokuqashwa kombuso.
Okuhlobene: Amalungelo Okusebenza Ama-FAQ