Izimfuneko ze-FMLA Okudingeka Uzazi
Ngomthetho osebenzayo iminyaka engu-22 kanye neminyaka, mhlawumbe ucabanga ukuthi uyazi ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Uqinisekile? Izinto ezimbalwa zishintshile phakathi neminyaka, ngakho funda futhi ubone uma usesikhathini FMLA.
Ebusweni bayo, i-FMLA ibonakala ilula kakhulu. Uma ugula noma unelungu lomndeni eligulayo , noma unomntwana omusha, ungavuka isikhathi esingamaviki angu-12, ngaphandle kokukhokha. Nokho, uDeveli usemininingwane futhi ngezinye izikhathi leyo mininingwane iyashintsha. Nansi okudingeka ukwazi.
Ubani Ongakulungeka?
Ngokungafani nemithetho efana ne-Americans With Disability Act , evikela wena ngisho nalapho uxoxisana nomsebenzi (uma nje inkampani inebasebenzi abangaba ngu-15), i-FMLA ayikufihli ngokushesha.
Nazi iziqu okudingayo ukuze uhlangane ukuze uhlanganiswe nalo mthetho.
- Usebenze inkampani efanayo ngenani eliphansi lonyaka owodwa. Lokhu akudingeki ukuba kube okulandelanayo, noma kunjalo, ukuze ukwazi ukuyeka futhi ubuye.
- Usebenze okungenani amahora angu-1250 ezinyangeni ezingu-12 ngaphambi kokuba uqale i-FMLA . Lamahora angaphezu kuka-24 ngesonto. Uma ngabe uyingxenye yesikhashana ukhululekile isisebenzi, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ulandele amahora akho ngokwakho ukuze uqinisekise ukufaneleka.
Isimiso sakho singasho amahora angama-20 ngesonto, kodwa njengesisebenzi esikhululekile, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenze okungaphezulu. Ungavumeli ukungabi namarekhodi kukuvimbela ukuba ungafaneleki. Yakha eyakho.
- Yisebenzela inkampani enesisebenzi okungenani ezingu-50 ngaphakathi kwendawo engamakhilomitha angu-75 lapho usebenza khona . Kumelwe ukuba babe nabasebenzi abangu-50 okungenani amasonto angama-20 alandelanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abathembele kakhulu emisebenzini yonyaka bangase kungadingeki ukuba bahloniphe izicelo ze-FMLA uma bengasebenzi cishe cishe isigamu sonyaka.
- Yiba nesifo esifanelekayo noma isimo (bheka ngezansi) noma unelungu lomndeni / lomndeni onesimo esifanelekayo. Ubani ofanelekayo ushintsho phakathi neminyaka, ngakho bheka ngezansi ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.
- Unomntwana omusha. Ukuzalwa, ukwamukelwa, noma ukubekwa kwengane encane konke kudala i-FMLA. Umama noma ubaba kufanelekile ukuthatha ikhefu. Uma bobabili abazali basebenzela inkampani efanayo, bangathatha kuphela inani elihlangene lamaviki angu-12 ukuya kumntwana omusha, hhayi amasonto angu-24.
Yiziphi izivikelo ezinikeza i-FMLA?
Uma uhlangabezana neziqu, ungathatha amasonto angu-12 ekhefu elingakhokhiwe. Ezinye izinkampani zikhokha konke noma ingxenye yekhefu. Uma isizathu sekhefu yisifo sakho noma ukukhulelwa, ungase ube nenqubomgomo yokukhubazeka okuyokhokha okungenani ingxenye yomholo wakho.
Le nkampani iyadingeka ukuthi ikugcinele umsebenzi ngenkathi usuhambe futhi ikubuyisele esikhundleni sakho sangaphambilini noma ikubeke endaweni efana nayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umphathi wakho akakwazi ukukuchitha lapho usuphelile , nakuba angakudlulisela emuva kamuva.
Inkampani yakho ingakwazi ukukubeka eceleni. Uma inkampani yakho isusa isikhundla sakho, awuvikelekile ngoba u-FMLA. Futhi akukuvikeli emiphumeleni yokusebenza kabi.
Uma uthatha ikhefu elivunyelwe i-FMLA lokungabikho, futhi ngenkathi usuhambe umphathi wakho uthola ukuthi awukwenzi umsebenzi omuhle, noma ulale noma uvumela izinto ukuba zishintshe, umphathi wakho angakunqanda uma ubuya.
Yini Okubalulekile njengezifo eziphethwe yi-FMLA?
Ukugula kuchazwe ngokucacile nguMnyango Wezabasebenzi kanje:
- noma yisiphi isikhathi sokukhubazeka noma ukwelashwa okuhlobene nokunakekelwa kwezingane (isib. ukuhlala ubusuku bonke) esibhedlela, esibhedlela, noma endaweni yokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha; noma
- isikhathi sokukhubazeka okudinga ukungabi khona kwezinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu zekhalenda emsebenzini, esikoleni, noma eminye imisebenzi ejwayelekile yansukuzonke ehlanganisa nokuqhubeka nokwelashwa (noma ngaphansi kokuqondiswa) ngumhlinzeki wezempilo; noma
- noma yisiphi isikhathi sokukhubazeka ngenxa yokukhulelwa, noma ukunakekelwa kokubeletha; noma
- noma yisiphi isikhathi sokukhubazeka (noma ukwelashwa ngenxa yalokho) ngenxa yesimiso esingathí sina sempilo (isib. isifo sofuba, isifo sikashukela, isithuthwane, njll); noma
- isikhathi sokukhubazeka okungunaphakade noma isikhathi eside ngenxa yesimo lapho ukwelashwa okungase kungasebenzi (isib. i-Alzheimer's, stroke, izifo ezibulalayo, njll); noma,
- noma yikuphi okungekho emkhakheni ukuze uthole izindlela eziningi zokwelapha (kufaka phakathi noma yisiphi isikhathi sokuphumula esivela kule ndawo), noma ngokudluliselwa, umhlinzeki wezempilo ukuze kube nesimo okungenzeka siphumelele ukungapheleli kwezinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu ezilandelanayo uma kushiywe kungalashwa (isibonelo, i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, i-dialysis, njll).
I-FMLA ihlanganisa izinto ezihlukahlukene, kodwa hhayi zonke izifo.
- Kudingeka ube ngaphansi kokunakekelwa udokotela nge-FMLA ukuze usebenzise;
- Udinga ukucela i-FMLA, futhi
- Udinga ukugcwalisa amaphepha.
Abasebenzi kufanele babe nezinsuku ezingu-15 zokugcwalisa amaphepha abo. Uma wazi okuthile kusengaphambili (isibonelo, ukukhulelwa kanye nokubikwa kokubeletha noma ukuhlinzwa okuhleliwe), kufanele ugcwalise amaphepha ekuqaleni.
Ubani Ilungu Lomndeni?
Impendulo yalokhu kufanele ibe sobala, kodwa kuvame ukuphakamisa impikiswano emakhotho. Umlingani (ubulili obufanayo noma obuhlukile), ingane, nomzali yiwo wonke amalungu omndeni ngaphansi kwe-FMLA . Umkhwenyana awukho. Ngakho-ke, uma unyoko unomdlavuza, ungathatha isikhathi se-FMLA ukumnakekela. Kodwa, uma unyoko wakho unomdlavuza, ingane yakhe kufanele imnakekele.
Kuthiwani ngabantwana bokutholwa? Uhulumeni uyaqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke umntwana ohlala nabazali bakhe abaphilayo. Isici esiyinhloko sokunquma ukuthi ngabe ingane ihlala nawe futhi unemithwalo yemfanelo yansuku zonke yengane.
Ngakho-ke, uma izingane zakho ezisezinyathelo zihlala nomunye umzali wazo futhi zikubona kuphela ezinye izimpelasonto, awufaneleki ku-FMLA. Kodwa, uma izingane zokutholwa ngokuvamile zihlala nawe, khona-ke zifanelekile. Lokhu kusebenza nakwabazukulu abahlala nogogo nomkhulu, izingane ezikhulayo, nanoma yikuphi ukuhlobana lapho kunconywa khona ukuthi ungumnakekeli oyinhloko wengane.
Lezi ziqondiso zisebenza ezinganeni ezingaphansi kuka-18 ezihlala ekhaya lakho, kodwa kuthiwani ngabantwana abadala? Ukuze unikezwe isikhathi se-FMLA sokunakekela ingane emdala, ingane kumele ingakwazi ukuzinakekela. Lesi sidingo singaba yesikhashana, kodwa kufanele sibe nesimo esibi.
Kumelwe uthathe i-FMLA Konke ngesikhathi esisodwa?
Cha. Eqinisweni, awudingi ngisho nokuwuthatha ngokugcwele kwama-day. Ukuze uthole isimo, njengomdlavuza, odinga ukuqashwa kukadokotela njalo kanye nokwelashwa ongathatha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i- FMLA ephakathi. Kulesi simo, ungathatha amaviki angu-12 ewusizo. (Amaviki angu-12 x amahora angu-40 ngeviki = amahora angu-480.)
Ngenxa yokuthi i-FMLA ayikhokhwa, ngisho nabasebenzi abahoxisiwe akudingeki bakhokhelwe ikhefu eliphakathi. Lokho kusho, uMmeli wezeMisebenzi uJohn Hyman uncoma kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokukhokhela abasebenzi abangakhokhelwa umholo wabo ogcwele uma bekhona ku-FMLA ephakathi.
Uthi, "Ukuxoshwa kwabasebenzi akusebenzi ukusebenza kwezihleli. Akuwona imisebenzi engu-9 - 5. Abasebenzi abaxoshiwe basebenzela ukwenza umsebenzi (futhi, uma bengenjalo, unezinkinga ezinkulu kunokuba ngabe uthola ihora noma amabili akhokhelwa ukuqokwa kukadokotela). Ngenxa yokuthi abasebenzi abaxoshiwe basebenza ukuze umsebenzi ufezeke, kubonakala okuncane kakhulu (futhi, ngokuqondile, chintzy) ukukhokha inkokhelo yabo yekhefu le-FMLA eliphakathi.
Ingabe uMsebenzi Ofanelekile Thatha I-FMLA Leave?
Cha. Uma isisebenzi sikhetha ukuthatha ikhefu eliqondile lokungabikho noma isikhathi sokuphumula noma ngesizathu esithile asifuni isikhathi sibalwa ngokumelene ne-FMLA, khona-ke lokho kuyisibopho sabo. Kodwa-ke, umnyango wakwa-HR kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela ukuthi isisebenzi sicele ngokuqondile ukuthi ikhefu alilona ngokumelene nebhange labo le-FMLA.
Inkantolo ye-9 th Circuit yabuye yabusa ukuthi isisebenzi esikwazi ukuthi i-FMLA isebenza kanjani futhi siyiguqule ayivikelwe yi-FMLA. Hamba ngokucophelela lapha, njengoba ezinye izinkantolo zesifunda azizange zibuse kule ndaba futhi inkantolo yakho yesifunda ingaphetha ngokuphambene.
Ngokuvamile, isisebenzi kufanele sicele i-FMLA, kodwa iminyango kaHulumeni kufanele iqiniseke ukuthi izonikeze abantu ababazi ukuthi bazobekwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungaba khona ukudideka.
Ukwengeza, izinkantolo zenze ukuthi uma ukuphathwa noma i-Human Resources isitshela umsebenzi ukuthi ufanelekile ku-FMLA futhi kamuva uphetha ngokuthi isisebenzi asifaneleki, ikhefu lisalokhu livikelwe ngoba isisebenzi sikholelwa ukuthi sihlanganiswe ngaphansi kwe-FMLA.
Ungakwazi Yini Ukuvutha Umlilo Ongazange Abuyele Emsebenzini Ekupheleni kwamaviki angu-12?
Yebo no cha. Umthetho waseMelika okhubazekile manje uhlanganisa ukuhlinzekwa ukuthi amaqabunga angabikho angabhekwa njengendawo yokuhlala yokuhlala , ngisho nangezikhathi ezingaphezu kwamasonto angu-12 athembiswe yi-FMLA. Njalo ubonisane nommeli wakho ngaphambi kokuqeda umsebenzi onguhlengikazi ongeke amkhiphe emsebenzini uma i-FMLA iphela.