Imibuzo Esiza Ukuphumelela, Ukubonisa Ukuncintisana, nokwakha Umbiko
Ukukhulumisana okuphumelelayo kudinga zonke izingxenye zokuxhumana ngokusebenzisana ngokuphelele "ngencazelo ehlanganyelwe," incazelo engiyithandayo yokuxhumana. Kubaluleke ngokukhethekile uma imibuzo ibuzwa futhi iphendulwa.
Izingxenye zokuxhumana
Kukhona izingxenye ezinhlanu kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana kanye nesithupha okungukuthi indawo yonke yomsebenzi lapho kuxhumana khona. Izingxenye zokuxhumana ziyi:
- Umuntu othumela umlayezo. Umthumeli kufanele alethe umlayezo ngokucacile futhi enemininingwane eyanele ukuze umamukeli abelane ngokusho nomthumeli.
- Umongo womlayezo. Umongo wukuthi umlayezo uthunyelwa kanjani ngomthumeli womlayezo. Ukuqukethwe kuhilela ukuxhumana okungenasidingo njengokuthinta, ulimi lomzimba, ukubonakala komzimba, nezakhi ezifana nezwi lezwi. Iningi lomongo womyalezo litholakala kuphela uma umamukeli engabona futhi ezwa umthumeli womlayezo. Izithonjana ze-imeyili ne-IM, isibonelo, zifaka esikhundleni esimpofu njengoba umthumeli ebafakela ngaphandle kokufaka okuvela kumamukeli.
Esinye isiqephu somongo yizimo ezihilelekile kumbuthano wokuxhumana. Ingabe umthumeli uthukuthele? Ingabe lowo owamukeliyo akahambisani nokuqukethwe kokukhulumisana noma ukunganaki komthumeli? Imizwelo yomuntu evamile ithinta ukuthi ngabe umlayezo ubanjwe ngempumelelo.
- Umuntu othola umlayezo. Umamukeli kumele alalele ngokucophelela futhi ngokucophelela, abuze imibuzo ngokucacile, futhi achaze ngokucacile ukuthi umamukeli ukwabelana ngencazelo nomthumeli. Uma umamukeli ethembela umthumeli, amathuba okukhulumisana okuphumelelayo kakhudlwana.
- Indlela yokulethwa oyikhethayo. Indlela yokulethwa kufanele ikhethwe ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni okuphumelela kakhulu ukuveza incazelo yomlayezo. Njengoba izindlela zokuxhumana zihluke kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni kwamakhompyutha namadivayisi eselula, izinqumo mayelana nendlela yokulethwa ziye zaba nzima kakhulu. Indlela yokulethwa kufanele ihambisane nezidingo zokuxhumana zomthumeli kanye nomamukeli.
Izindlela zokuxhumana zihlanganisa ukukhulumisana ngamazwi, imilayezo esheshayo (IM), i-imeyili, izincwadi, izimpawu, amaphosta, amavidiyo, ama-skrini, amakholifoni, amanothi, amafomu, imibhalo ebhaliwe, nokuningi. Lezi zindlela zizoqhubeka zanda, futhi okulindeleke ukuthi abasebenzi bakhulume ngokuphathelene nalokho okuphathelene nomsebenzi wabo kuzoqhubeka nokukhula.
Ukuxhumana komuntu siqu kuye kwanda ukubaluleka ikakhulukazi ngolwazi lomhlangano olungahle lubize ushintsho, lunikeze ukuqashelwa komsebenzi, noma uvumele imibuzo ekhona. Ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi komuntu nakho kuyathandeka ngoba abasebenzi bakwazi ukuthola ingxenye, umongo.
- Okuqukethwe komlayezo. Okuqukethwe komlayezo kufanele kucaciswe futhi kufakwe futhi kuchazwe ngemininingwane eyanele ukuthola ukuqonda kusuka kumamukeli. Uma okuqukethwe komlayezo kuhlaziya futhi kuxhuma, ngezinga elithile, nezinkolelo ezisekhona kakade zamukeli, kuphumelela kakhulu.
Ukubuza Imibuzo Emihle Kuthuthukisa Ukuxhumana
UJames O. Pyle noMaryann Karinch bengeza okulandelayo ukusiza ukuxhumana okusebenzayo.
Kusukela kumithombo yabantu kuze kube yinkonzo yamakhasimende, imibuzo emibi ingcolisa cishe yonke indawo yokusebenzela. Imibuzo emibi ivame ukuphakamisa izimpendulo ezingaphelele noma ezidukisayo futhi zingalimaza ubuhlobo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imibuzo emihle iyithuluzi eliwusizo lokusebenza kahle, ikhono, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezixhumanisi.
Kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha zemibuzo emihle: ukuqondisa, ukulawula, ukuphinda, ukuphikelela, isifinyeto, nokungafani. Ukuzichaza ngokufishane:
- Ukuqondisa: Ubeka umbuzo olula nge-interrogative eyisisekelo.
- Ukulawula: Uyazi kakade impendulo kuso uma ucela. Yindlela yokuthola ukuthi ngabe umuntu ungamanga yini, cha, angazi ukuthi unjani noma cha.
- Phinda: Ubuza imibuzo ehlukene emibili elandela ulwazi olufanayo.
- Ukuphikelela: Ubuza umbuzo ofanayo ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuhlola zonke izici zolwazi olufunayo.
- Isifingqo: Ubuza umbuzo ohloswe ukuvumela umthombo ithuba lokubukeza impendulo.
- Okungafaneleki: Akuhlobene nendaba ofuna ukwazi ngayo, kodwa yilapho umuntu angase angamanga; kusebenza ngenhloso yokubona ukuthi iqiniso "libukeka kanjani" futhi uthola lo muntu ukuthi avule kuwe. Ingahlanganisa futhi kumongo wengxoxo yokubuza imibuzo.
Imininingwane mayelana nezinhlobo ezingu-6 zemibuzo emihle
Direct
Imibuzo eqondile yiyona engcono kakhulu: Omunye wokubuza imibuzo, isenzo esisodwa, negama elilodwa noma isimemezelo.
- Ungubani?
- Kwenzekani ephathini?
- Wafika nini ehhovisi?
- Uphi izinkinobho zemoto?
- Kungani ushiye umhlangano masinyane?
- Ukhokhele kangakanani le-iPad?
Lawula
Uthi nini, "Ngimabomu ngingafuni ukubuza umbuzo oqondile?" Uma uhlola iqiniso noma ukunemba kwempendulo, bese usebenzisa umbuzo wokulawula bese ubheka ukuvumelana.
Imibuzo yokulawula yimibuzo ngamabomu owaziyo impendulo yokuthi ayifumani ngokutholakala kolwazi. Bakhuluma ngokutholakala kokuziphatha, amaphethini okukhuluma, nezinga lobuqiniso noma ngokunemba. Mhlawumbe kukhona into okhulume ngayo ngaphambili nangomuntu.
Uma wazi ukuthi othile ohlangothini lakho lomsebenzi wabantu uhlukanisile isisebenzi ngoba isisebenzi sithumele i-imeyili ukuba sikhononde ngomuntu, ungase ubuze umbuzo wokulawula njengokuthi, "Kwenzekani ekubuyekezeni ukusebenza kuka Pamela namhlanje?" ulwazi; ufuna nje ukuthola ukuthi umuntu wakho we-HR uphendula kanjani umbuzo.
Phinda
Ufuna ukuza ngolwazi olufanayo ngezindlela ezimbili ezahlukene. Isibonelo, uma ubuze, "Bangaki abantu abasendleleni yokuthengisa?" Umuntu okhuluma naye angaphendula: "Kukhona okungu-22 enkundleni." Kamuva, uma ukhuluma naye ngokuthile okuhlukile - izindawo lapho inkampani inakho khona, isibonelo - ungase ubuze, "Zingaki izifunda zokuthengisa onakho?"
Angase aphendule, "22," yindlela yokuqinisekisa inani labasebenzi emsebenzini wokuthengisa. Akuwona ukuhlolwa okuphelele, kodwa kunikeza ukubaluleka nokukholelwa kulokho akushilo ngaphambilini. Yimibuzo emibili ehlukile ehlola ulwazi olunikeziwe.
Ekusebenziseni imibuzo ephindaphindiwe, ungathola nokungahambisani. Uma umthombo wakho kulesi sibonelo usabela ukuthi kunezindawo ezingu-28 zokuthengisa, ungafuna ukucaciswa okuthile. Mhlawumbe kunesizathu esihle kakhulu - amandla okuthengisa ngokuvamile anezeleksi engu-28, kodwa kube khona inzuzo eningi kakhulu, ukuthi iminyana eyisithupha - kodwa impendulo iveza ukungabaza iqiniso lokuthi kukhona ukungafani phakathi kwenombolo kwabasebenzi kanye nenani lezindawo zokuthengisa. Lokho okungaqondakali kumele kuholele eminye imibuzo ekuxazululeni inkinga.
Ukuphikelela
Kunoma yikuphi ukushintshaniswa lapho kungaphendulwa khona impendulo engaphezu kweyodwa, sebenzisa ukubuza okuqhubekayo ukuze uthole impendulo ephelele. Njengemibuzo ephindaphindiwe, imibuzo ephikisayo nayo iyasiza uma usola ukuthi lowo muntu akayiqiniso.
"Wayephi lapho uvakashela khona eCalifornia?" Angase afune impendulo, "Disneyland." Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi i-Disneyland yindawo eyodwa kuphela, kunengqondo ukulandela lo mbuzo ngokuthi, "Kuphi enye indawo?"
Ukuphambana nokuphindaphinda umbuzo nokuya ngqo kumbuzo mayelana ne-Disneyland kusho ukuthi ulahlekelwa ithuba lokuthola isithombe esiphelele sohambo lomngane waseCalifornia ngaphandle uma lolo lwazi lwenzeka ukuvuza ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Isifingqo
Imibuzo efingqiwe ayikho ekunqumeni ukuqiniswa njengokuthi ukubuyisela emuva emthonjeni lokho akushilo ngakho unethuba lokucabanga, "Ngabe ngisho ukuthi ngisho ukuthini?"
Wena uthengisa izimoto zazo zonke izinhlobo, kusukela ezinkambeni ezimbili zokungena ezigodini ezinamaphesenti amakhulu okunethezeka. Umbhangqwana osemusha ufika e-showroom bese ecela ukuhlola-ukushayela enye yezithombe zokunethezeka.
Uzoyisebenzisa nini imoto isikhathi esiningi? "Ubuza.
"Ukubuyela emuva nokuya emsebenzini. Sisebenza esakhiweni esifanayo, "usho kanje.
"Yini enye ongayisebenzisa imoto?"
"Ukuhamba ngezimpelasonto ukubona abazali bami. Izinto ezinjengalezi. "Uyeka futhi ungeze," Bahlala ngamakhilomitha ayikhulu kude. "
"Ucabanga ukuthi kungani imoto yokunethezeka ingcono kakhulu?"
Bashintshanisa shazi. Uthi, "Siyithanda kangcono kunabanye."
"Uyini umbala owuthandayo," ubuza, uyibheke ngqo.
"Olubomvu."
"Ngicela ngibone ukuthi ngifanele yini lokhu. Ngikuzwa uthi ufuna imoto ebomvu, egcwele ngokugcwele ekilasini lokunethezeka. Le ncazelo ihambisana kanjani nalokho okufunayo?" (Uhlele umbuzo wakho wokufingqa ngolwazi olufanele esimweni esinjalo.)
Bashintsha omunye umlingo. Wathi, "Sicabanga ukuthi umbala ophansi kakhulu ungase ube ngcono."
"Kuthiwani ngemodeli yokunethezeka eyenza ucabange ukuthi kungcono kakhulu kuwe?" (Nakulokhu, lena yindlela yokufingqa nokuqinisekisa lokho okuzwile. Ufuna ukuthola ukuthi bajabule kakhulu ngokubukeka kwezindleko imoto ukuthi ayifuni ukucabangela noma yini enye, noma uma impendulo yokuqala yayifihla iqiniso elibalulekile.)
"Ubaba uthi lena imoto ephephile emgwaqweni."
Impendulo yombuzo wokufingqa ikutshela ukuthi kungenzeka, njengalokho, kodwa hhayi ngenxa yokuthi ibheka kanjani. Ufunda phakathi kwemigqa. Baqala ukuqala empilweni yabo ndawonye. Ubaba wakhe mhlawumbe wabathumela kumthengisi ukuthi athenge "imoto ephephile emgwaqeni," ezobasiza ukuba bathenge. Unquma ukuqhubeka nokuthengisa, wazi ukuthi ukukhokha phansi kanye nesicelo semali mboleko cishe kuzokunika lonke indaba.
Abanye abantu bangase bangakhululekile ukubuza umbuzo wokufingqa njengalabo abathintekayo kulo mhlangano wokuthengisa ngenxa yokuthi abafuni ukubheka umqondo olula noma ongacabangi. Uma ubuza umbuzo ngokufanayo ngendlela oyicelile okokuqala, khona-ke bangase babe nesiphetho esivumelekile.
Awufuni ukubuza umbuzo ofanayo ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezimbili ngokulandelana noma ngabe ushintsha ukuphinda. Ngokubeka ibanga phakathi kokuqala ubeka lo mbuzo futhi okwesibili, futhi uphinde uphendule umbuzo kancane, uvele uvele njengomuntu onesithakazelo ngempela kulokho omunye umuntu okushoyo.
Okungafaneleki
Ungase ubone ukuthi umuntu ophendula imibuzo yakho ubonakala egxilile; umbuzo ongewona obalulekile unganciphisa ukungezwani. Noma, mhlawumbe udinga isikhathi sokucabanga noma ukubheka amanothi akho, ngakho-ke usebenzisa umbuzo ukuze ukuthenga isikhala nesikhathi esincane.
Ekubuzeni imibuzo ecacile njengokuthi, "Yiyiphi iphrojekthi oyenzile esikhathini esidlule eyaphumelekile?" Futhi "Uzame ukulungisa kanjani inkinga?" Ungenza kalula umsebenzi ozobhalwa ngumsebenzi uzizwe sengathi usephakathi kwephenyo lokuphenywa .
Okhethiweyo angase athi, "Ngangizama ukuxazulula inkinga ngokuhlanganisa umnyango ngokuhambisana nomgomo ofanayo - indlela engiyithola ngayo iqembu lami lombanyana weqembu lokugxila ekushaya ibhola."
Unganika ikhefu ikhefu ngokubuza, "Kuze kube nini uqeqesha i-littleague?" Ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele engxoxweni ye-screw-up yakhe nokuthi uzame ukulungisa kanjani.
Okokugcina, nansi izindlela ezimbili zokuchitha imibuzo eqala ngazo zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo bese iqeda ukwehla okuhle .
- Ukwengeza iziqu eziningi noma amanye amagama nemishwana ephazamisa embuzweni. Isibonelo, "Yini onayo yokudla kwasekuseni e-diner lapho ama-counter-vinyl esitokisini ahlakazekile futhi ehlanganiswa nge-tape tape?"
- Ukulinda impendulo kubuye kuvamile. Ubuza, "Uyini ukudla okuthandayo?" Umuntu ucabanga isikhashana esikhundleni sokuphendula ngokushesha. Uyakwazi ukungena, "Inyosi yokugcoba?" Ukuthula kuyithuluzi lokubuza imibuzo eliphumelelayo.
Ungalahlekelwa ukutholakala, ulwazi, umzila njengomphumela wokuvula umlomo wakho uma udinga ukuvula izindlebe zakho. Khumbula "izindlebe ezimbili, umlomo munye" wokuthola okuningi kokubuza.
Indawo kanye Nokuxhumana
Izingxenye ezingenhla zokukhulumisana zithuthukisa incazelo ehlanganyelwe lapho isebenza ndawonye ukuletha umyalezo ngempumelelo. Isimo somsebenzi lapho lezo zakhi zenzeka khona sithinta nokuxhumana nokuthi ngabe ukuxhumana kuyamukelwa yini.
Uma ubuza imibuzo evumelekile ukwakha umbiko futhi ukhuthaze ukuzethemba. Imibuzo yakha enye ingxenye yesisekelo sokukhulumisana emsebenzini okuhlanganyela
Esimweni somsebenzi esicindezela ukukhulumisana okuvulekile, ukubandakanyeka kwabasebenzi , nezinhloso ezivamile, ukuxhumana ngokuphindaphindiwe nokuphumelela ngokwengeziwe. Kodwa, ukulindela ukukhulumisana okuphawulekayo kubeka ibha phezulu kulezi zindawo ezinhle zomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nasezindabeni eziphakeme , izindawo zokusebenza ezigxilwe ngabasebenzi, abasebenzi bakhononda ukuthi abazi ukuthi kwenzekani.
Ngenxa yazo zonke izingxenye kanye nemvelo yonke indawo yokusebenzela, ukuxhumana kuhlala kuyinselele. Imibuzo eneminyaka yobudala mayelana nokuthi ubani okudingeka azi ukuthi nini futhi nini adinga ukwazi ukuthi ayiphenduliwe ngokugcwele mayelana nokwaneliseka kwanoma ubani.
Izikhalo zabasebenzi mayelana nolwazi oluningi, hhayi ulwazi olwanele, futhi ngisho nokwaziswa okukhululekile, kuzoqhubeka nokuxhuma ezindaweni zokusebenzela. Ngeke neze uphulukise inkinga yokuxhumana kodwa, ngokuzibophezela nokucabangela, ungakwazi ukwandisa ukusebenza kokubili ukukhulumisana kwakho nabantu kanye nokuxhumana kwakho emsebenzini .
Okunye Okuhlobene Nokuxhumana Okusebenzayo Kwendawo Yomsebenzi